Prescription Medication and Drug Testing: How Employers Can Accommodate

If you run a business, it's important to know how prescription medication can affect drug test results. This guide will help you learn more about prescription medication drug testing, and how to keep your workplace safe and fair for everyone.

Ready to ensure workplace compliance and safety while supporting employees' medical needs? Discover how Health Street's employment drug testing services can provide accurate and reliable solutions for your organization. Empower your team with comprehensive testing options while accommodating prescription medication use effectively.

Jared Rosenthal
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How Prescription Medication Affects Drug Test Results

Prescription medications can sometimes cause unexpected results in drug tests. This happens when a legal drug someone might be taking is wrongly detected as an illegal drug in the test. To prevent any unfair treatment, additional checks are usually done if this occurs. Read on to learn how this can happen and what it means for employment drug testing.

Common Types of Medications That May Yield Positive Results

Employment drug testing is used to identify substances that can potentially cause harm in the workplace. In certain situations, employers can also drug test for prescription medications like marijuana. Following are some of the most common prescription drugs that show up on a drug test:

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ADHD medications
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Antidepressants and SSRIs
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Beta Blockers
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NSAIDs
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Medications for nausea
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Pain medications
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Sleep aids
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Opioids and opiates

Best Practices for Accommodating Employees Using Prescription Medications

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Develop a comprehensive policy. Establish a clear policy for prescription medication drug testing, particularly those that could affect safety or job performance. This policy should comply with legal requirements and guidelines for disclosing prescription medication use.
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Ensure confidentiality. Maintain strict confidentiality regarding employees' medical information.
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Implement a fair drug testing process. Ensure drug testing policy is fair. This might include a verification process where employees can provide evidence of their prescription.
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Review and adjust policies regularly. Keep your policies up to date with current laws. Regularly review and adjust your approach to accommodate prescription medication use as necessary.

Develop Inclusive Workplace Policies and Procedures

When creating a drug-free workplace policy, employers should consider the use of prescription medications by employees. This includes understanding how certain legal prescriptions can result in positive drug tests.

In some safety-sensitive jobs, like industries under the Department of Transportation, some prescription drugs may be prohibited even with a prescription. For example, the DOT maintains strict regulations regarding the use of marijuana for employees, regardless of state laws on medical marijuana.

Educate Management and Employees on Drug Testing

Management and supervisors, often the first to spot potential employee substance abuse issues, should be well-versed in understanding how prescription medications can influence drug testing results. This knowledge is crucial for them to treat employees fairly and avoid discrimination.

Similarly, employees should be educated about the drug-free workplace policy, how prescription medications could affect results, and the implications of a failed drug test.

Create Fair and Effective Accommodation Processes

It's important to establish fair and effective accommodation processes. These might include flexible arrangements such as adjusting work duties, considering alternative job roles, and ensuring these adjustments comply with legal standards.

Balancing Workplace Safety and Employee Rights

In managing a workplace, one of the key challenges is finding the right balance between maintaining a safe environment and respecting the rights of employees. This involves carefully considering the impact of drug testing policies on individual rights while also ensuring that these practices contribute to overall workplace safety.

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Frequently Asked Questions

How old can a prescription be for a drug test?

There is no universally accepted time frame for how old a prescription can be to still be considered valid in the context of a drug test. The range can vary depending on factors such as the type of medication, employer policies, and local or state regulations.

What prescription drugs show up on a drug test?

Some common prescription drugs that may show on drug tests are ADHD medications, antidepressants, beta-blockers, medications for nausea, and diet pills. It's important to note that other prescription drugs can also show up on drug tests, and different drug panels look for different substances.

Do employers drug test for a controlled substance or prescription medications?

Employers often drug test for controlled substances, but prescription medication drug testing may be necessary in specific circumstances. However, it's important to remember that some panels include controlled substances that are also prescription medications.

Citations

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Brahm NC;Yeager LL;Fox MD;Farmer KC;Palmer TA; (n.d.). Commonly prescribed medications and potential false-positive urine drug screens. American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20689123/
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AH;, W. (n.d.). Mechanism of interferences for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of urine for drugs of abuse. Annals of clinical and laboratory science. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7668815/
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Drug Information Group. What drugs are likely to interfere with urine drug screens? | Drug Information Group | University of Illinois Chicago. (n.d.). https://dig.pharmacy.uic.edu/faqs/2021-2/may-2021-faqs/what-drugs-are-likely-to-interfere-with-urine-drug-screens/
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Coast Guard deputy commandant for operations (CG-DCO). United States Coast Guard (USCG). (n.d.). https://www.dco.uscg.mil/
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Employee use of prescription medication in the workplace. MRA. (n.d.). https://www.mranet.org/resource/employee-use-prescription-medication-workplace
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Prepare your workplace. SAMHSA. (n.d.-h). https://www.samhsa.gov/workplace/employer-resources/prepare-workplace
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Ra frequently asked questions (faqs). U.S. Department of the Interior. (2015, July 1). https://www.doi.gov/accommodations/faqs
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Frequently asked questions about federal workplace drug testing. SAMHSA. (n.d.-g). https://www.samhsa.gov/workplace/faqs-federal-drug-testing
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